Refractive Errors

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Refractive errors

The 3 most common refractive errors in children are:

  • Astigmatism (irregularly curved cornea)
  • Myopia (nearsightedness)
  • Hyperopia (farsightedness)

Signs & Symptoms

  • Frequent squinting or head tilting
  • Headache or eye strain after the child performs visually demanding activities
  • Holding books or digital screens very close to the face
  • Sitting very close to the computer or television

Type of Refractive Errors

 

 

PRESBYOPIA

HYPEROPIA  (FARSIGHTEDNESS)

MYOPIA  (NEARSIGHTEDNESS)

ASTIGMATISM

Definition

An age-related refractive error that causes near vision to become blurry due to lens hardening, a common occurrence in those over 40 as part of the natural aging process.

A refractive error that causes blurry near vision due to light focusing behind the retina.

A refractive error that causes blurry distance vision due to a misshapen eye disrupting light reception.

A refractive error that causes blurry vision due to an irregularly shaped cornea or lens disrupting light focus on the retina.

Symptoms
  • Headaches Blurred vision up close
  • Need for increased focus distance when reading
  • Eye strain
  • Difficulty with close-up vision
  • Eye strain
  • Squinting
  • Headaches
  • Frequent squinting
  • Eye strain
  • Blurry or fuzzy distant objects
  • Headaches
  • Blurry or distorted nearby and distant objects
  • Squinting
  • Glares or halos around lights at night
  • Headaches
  • Eye strain
Treatment

Prescription glasses, such as reading glasses or multifocals, or Laser Vision Correction (PRESBYOND).

Prescription glasses, such as reading glasses or multifocals.

Prescription glasses, such as distance glasses or multifocals, or Laser Vision Correction (PRK, LASIK, SMILE).

Prescription glasses, such as single vision glasses or multifocals.

Risk Factors  

 

  • Family history of myopia
  • Diabetes
  • Reduced time spent outdoors
  • Keratoconus
  • Eye injury
  • Aging
  • Eye surgery
  • Family history of astigmatism

 

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